Acne Skin

 Acne Skin 

Acne is a skin condition that causes spots and pimples, especially on the face, shoulders, back, neck, chest, and upper arms. It occurs when oil and dead skin block hair follicles, causing inflammation. Causes Human skin has pores that connect to oil glands under the skin. Follicles connect the glands to the pores. Follicles are small sacs that produce and secrete liquid. The glands produce an oily liquid Trusted Source called sebum. Sebum carries dead skin cells through the follicles to the surface of the skin. A small hair grows through the follicle out of the skin.

Pimples grow when these follicles get blocked, and oil builds up under the skin. Skin cells, sebum, and hair can clump together into a plug. This plug gets infected with bacteria, and swelling results. A pimple starts to develop when the plug begins to break down. Propone  bacterium acnes (P. acnes) is the name of the bacteria that live on the skin and contributes to the infection of pimple

Hormonal factors; A range of factors triggers acne, but the main cause is thought to be a rise in androgen levels. Androgen is a type of hormone, the levels of which rise when adolescence begins. In women, it gets converted into estrogen. Rising androgen levels cause the oil glands under the skin to grow. The enlarged gland produces more sebum. Excessive sebum can break down cellular walls in the pores, causing bacteria to grow.

 

Oral contraceptives

Oral contraceptives can help control acne in women by suppressing the overactive gland. They are commonly used as long-term acne treatments. These may not be suitable for women who: have a blood-clotting disorder smoke ,have a history of migraines are over 35 years old. It is important to check with a gynecologist first.

Topical antimicrobials Topical antimicrobials also aim to reduce P. acnes in patients with moderate to severe acne. Examples are and sodium. The dermatologist may prescribe a topical retinoid. Topical are a derivative of vitamin A. They unclog the pores and prevent whiteheads and blackheads from developing.

Isotretinoin;  This is a strong, oral retinoid, used for the treatment of severe cystic acne and severe acne that has not responded to other medications and treatments. It is a strictly controlled medication with potentially serious side effects. The patient must sign a consent form to say that they understand the risks. Prevention and management tips. Here are some tips for looking after skin that has acne or is prone to it. Wash your face no more than twice each day with warm water and mild soap made especially for acne. Do not scrub the skin or burst the pimples, as this may push the infection further down, causing more blocking, swelling, and redness. Avoid popping pimples, as this makes scarring likelier.

A specialist can treat a pimple that requires rapid removal for cosmetic reasons. Refrain from touching the face. Hold the telephone away from the face when talking, as it is likely to contain sebum and skin residue. Wash hands frequently, especially before applying lotions, creams, or makeup. Clean spectacles regularly as they collect sebum and skin residue. If acne is on the back, shoulders, or chest, try wearing loose clothing to let the skin breathe. Avoid tight garments, such as headbands, caps, and scarves, or wash them regularly if used. Choose makeup for sensitive skin and avoid oil-based products. Remove makeup before sleeping. Use an electric shaver or sharp safety razors when shaving. Soften the skin and beard with warm soapy water before applying shaving cream. Keep hair clean, as it collects sebum and skin residue. Avoid greasy hair products, such as those containing cocoa butter. Avoid excessive sun exposure, as it can cause the skin to produce more sebum. Several acne medications increase the risk of sunburn.

Avoid anxiety and stress, as it can increase production of cortical and adrenaline, which exacerbate acne. Try to keep cool and dry in hot and humid climates, to prevent sweating. Acne is a common problem. It can cause severe embarrassment, but treatment is available, and it is effective in many cases. Last medically reviewed on November 27, 2017.

Keep hair clean

If excess oil in the hair travels to the skin, it can worsen acne. Regularly washing the hair may stop acne from developing, especially close to the hairline. Hair care products that contain oil can also cause pimples on the head and hairline. Avoiding these products can lower the risk of developing pimples. Discover 7 of the best shampoos for scalp acne here. Refrain from popping or picking at pimples. It may be tempting to squeeze a pimple, but it can cause inflammation and scarring. To reduce the appearance of blemishes, use a topical treatment instead. They may take some time to work, but they can also prevent new pimples from forming.

Apply topical treatments

Over-the-counter treatments, such as creams or serums, can reduce breakouts, particularly when they occur in certain areas. The following problem areas are common. Topical antibiotics can fight an overgrowth of P. acne bacteria in the skin. Examples of antibiotics that treat this inflammatory acne include erythromycin which are available by prescription. Alone, these antibiotics can cause bacteria to become resistant to treatment. As a result, doctors will prescribe antibiotic treatments in combination with peroxide to reduce the risk Trusted Source of developing resistant bacteria. A person can identify inflammatory acne by its discolored, irritated appearance. It can also be painful. Learn more about inflammatory acne here.

Talk to a doctor about hormone pills ; In cases of female hormonal acne, birth control pills can help prevent breakouts by helping to regulate Trusted Source the hormones that may make acne worse. However, these pills carry risks, so it is essential to review the benefits and side effects before deciding. A medication doctors use to treat high blood pressure, may also help in cases of severe female hormonal acne. However, has many possible side effects, so it is best to speak with a doctor to discuss all options. Doctors do not recommend either of these medications for use in males. Cut back on foods linked to acne. Doctors are not certain of the connection between foods and acne. However, a growing body of research Trusted Source suggests that some foods may trigger acne in certain patients. These potentially problematic foods are sugary and high in carbohydrates. Some examples include:

Wear sunscreen when going outdoors

Too much sun has many damaging effects on the skin. Sunburn can also lead to an overproduction of oils Trusted Source that make acne worse. However, a person should ensure their sunscreen is and safe for use on the face. Consider light or laser therapies A dermatologist may recommend photodynamic therapy to treat acne and pimples. In photodynamic therapy, a medical professional applies a topical solution that makes the skin more susceptible to light. Following this, they will target the acne area with a focused light source. This can destroy dead skin cells and bacteria. There are many other light and laser therapies that can reduce the appearance of acne blemishes and pimples through similar means.

 Avoid skincare products that contain oil; Skin care products containing oil can clog the pores. This can worsen acne symptoms and increase the likelihood of developing pimples. Using topical products, such as moisturizers and sunscreens that do not contain oil can help to reduce the risk of blocking pores. People refer to products that do not contain oil.

 Refrain from excess exfoliation; Exfoliation is the process of removing dead cells from the skin. While some exfoliation can help improve acne, too much can worsen breakouts. This happens when a person removes too much natural oil from the skin.